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S31254 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both S31254 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have 57% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S31254 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 40
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Shear Strength, MPa 490
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 720
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1090
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 460
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 28
3.4
Density, g/cm3 8.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 5.5
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 74
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 240
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.020
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 19.5 to 20.5
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0.5 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 51.4 to 56.3
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 6.0 to 6.5
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 17.5 to 18.5
1.7 to 2.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.18 to 0.22
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040