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S31803 Stainless Steel vs. 5086 Aluminum

S31803 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5086 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S31803 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5086 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 260
65 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
68
Elongation at Break, % 29
1.7 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 370
88 to 180
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
26
Shear Strength, MPa 460
160 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
270 to 390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 500
110 to 320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
400
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 430
65
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1060
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
5.8 to 42
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 630
86 to 770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
28 to 40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
34 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
12 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93 to 96.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0
Chromium (Cr), % 21 to 23
0.050 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 63.7 to 71.9
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.5 to 6.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.080 to 0.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15