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S32304 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel

Both S32304 stainless steel and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S32304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
490 to 550
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 28
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330
710 to 790
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
72
Shear Strength, MPa 440
1020 to 1140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1690 to 1890
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
1100 to 1230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1050
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1420
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 40
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 170
200 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 520
3260 to 4080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
60 to 67
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
40 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
54 to 60

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.55 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 21.5 to 24.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0.050 to 0.6
0
Iron (Fe), % 65 to 75.4
97.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.5
0.3 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.050 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 3.0 to 5.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.050 to 0.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050