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UNS S40977 Stainless Steel

S40977 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. It has a fairly low base cost and a fairly low embodied energy among wrought ferritic stainless steels.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare S40977 stainless steel to: wrought ferritic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

160

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

21 %

Fatigue Strength

200 MPa 29 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Rockwell B Hardness

76

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

320 MPa 47 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

510 MPa 74 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

390 °C 730 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

720 °C 1320 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1440 °C 2630 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1400 °C 2560 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

25 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

10 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.9 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

3.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

6.5 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.9 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

27 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

97 L/kg 12 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

12

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

92 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

250 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

18 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

18 points

Thermal Diffusivity

6.7 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

18 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of S40977 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.

Iron (Fe)Fe 83.9 to 89.2
Chromium (Cr)Cr 10.5 to 12.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0.3 to 1.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.030
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012

ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010