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S41045 Stainless Steel vs. 2024 Aluminum

S41045 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2024 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S41045 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 2024 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 25
4.0 to 16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
90 to 180
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
27
Shear Strength, MPa 280
130 to 320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430
200 to 540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
100 to 490

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 740
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 29
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
30
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
90

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.5
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
20 to 68
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
70 to 1680
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16
18 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
25 to 49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.8
46
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
8.6 to 24

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.7 to 94.7
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 13
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.8 to 4.9
Iron (Fe), % 83.8 to 88
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.2 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.3 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.6
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15