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S82121 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

Both S82121 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340 steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S82121 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
210 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 28
12 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 370
330 to 740
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 470
430 to 770
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 730
690 to 1280
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510
470 to 1150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1020
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 40
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
79 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 660
590 to 3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.035
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 21 to 23
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0.2 to 1.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 66.7 to 75.4
95.1 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 2.5
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 4.0
1.7 to 2.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040