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S82121 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4820 Steel

Both S82121 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4820 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S82121 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4820 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 28
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 370
260
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 470
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 730
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510
370

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1020
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
4.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 40
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 660
370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.035
0.18 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 21 to 23
0
Copper (Cu), % 0.2 to 1.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 66.7 to 75.4
94.6 to 95.7
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 2.5
0.5 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 4.0
3.3 to 3.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040