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1435-H12 Aluminum

1435-H12 aluminum is 1435 aluminum in the H12 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is strain hardened to a strength that is roughly a quarter of the way between annealed (O) and full-hard (H18).

It has the second lowest strength and second highest ductility compared to the other variants of 1435 aluminum.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 1435-H12 aluminum to: 1000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

69 GPa 9.9 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

8.1 %

Fatigue Strength

42 MPa 6.1 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.33

Shear Modulus

26 GPa 3.7 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

56 MPa 8.1 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

95 MPa 14 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

57 MPa 8.3 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

400 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

170 °C 340 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

650 °C 1190 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

640 °C 1190 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

900 J/kg-K 0.22 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

230 W/m-K 130 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

23 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

60 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

200 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

9.0 % relative

Density

2.7 g/cm3 170 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

8.2 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

150 MJ/kg 66 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

1190 L/kg 140 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

6.7 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

24 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

50 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

9.7 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

17 points

Thermal Diffusivity

93 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

4.2 points

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al)Al 99.35 to 99.7
Iron (Fe)Fe 0.3 to 0.5
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn)Zn 0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 0.050
Magnesium (Mg)Mg 0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.030
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.020

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM B483: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Tube and Pipe for General Purpose Applications

Handbook of Aluminum vol. 2: Alloy Production and Materials Manufacturing, George Totten and D. Scott MacKenzie (editors), 2003

Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, John E. Hatch (editor), 1984

Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993