2095 (2095-T8) Aluminum
2095 aluminum is a 2000-series aluminum alloy: the main alloying addition is copper, and it is formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the T8 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is solution heat-treated, strain hardened, then artificially aged. 2095 is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. In European standards, it will be given as EN AW-2095. Additionally, the UNS number is A92095.
It originally received its standard designation in 1990.
It has the highest tensile strength among the 2000-series alloys in the database.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 2095 aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
70 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
8.5 %
Fatigue Strength
200 MPa 29 x 103 psi
Fracture Toughness
20 MPa-m1/2 18 x 103 psi-in1/2
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
26 GPa 3.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
410 MPa 60 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
700 MPa 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
610 MPa 88 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
390 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
210 °C 410 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
660 °C 1220 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
540 °C 1010 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
910 J/kg-K 0.22 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
130 W/m-K 77 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
23 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
35 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
110 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
3.0 g/cm3 190 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
8.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
160 MJ/kg 70 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1470 L/kg 170 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
57 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
2640 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
46 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
65 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
59 points
Thermal Diffusivity
49 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
31 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought aluminum alloys, the composition of 2095 aluminum is notable for including lithium (Li) and silver (Ag). Lithium is used to improve mechanical properties at the cost of increased fabrication difficulty. Silver is used to improve strength and resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
| Al | 91.3 to 94.9 | |
| Cu | 3.9 to 4.6 | |
| Li | 0.7 to 1.5 | |
| Mg | 0.25 to 0.8 | |
| Ag | 0.25 to 0.6 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Zr | 0.040 to 0.18 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.15 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.12 | |
| Ti | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Aluminum-Lithium Alloys: Processing, Properties, and Applications, N. Eswara Prasad et al. (editors), 2013
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993