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2219-T81 Aluminum

2219-T81 aluminum is 2219 aluminum in the T81 temper. To achieve this temper, the metal is solution heat-treated, strain hardened by 1%, then artificially aged. It has the second highest strength compared to the other variants of 2219 aluminum.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare 2219-T81 aluminum to: 2000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

72 GPa 10 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

8.0 %

Fatigue Strength

110 MPa 15 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.33

Shear Modulus

27 GPa 3.9 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

270 MPa 40 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

470 MPa 68 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

350 MPa 50 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

390 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

230 °C 450 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

640 °C 1190 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

540 °C 1010 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

870 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

120 W/m-K 70 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

22 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

29 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

85 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

11 % relative

Density

3.1 g/cm3 200 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

8.2 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

150 MJ/kg 66 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

1130 L/kg 140 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

34 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

840 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

44 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

41 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

43 points

Thermal Diffusivity

45 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

21 points

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al)Al 91.5 to 93.8
Copper (Cu)Cu 5.8 to 6.8
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.2 to 0.4
Zirconium (Zr)Zr 0.1 to 0.25
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.3
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.2
Vanadium (V)V 0.050 to 0.15
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0.020 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn)Zn 0 to 0.1
Magnesium (Mg)Mg 0 to 0.020
Residualsres. 0 to 0.15

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM B221: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes

ASTM B209: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

Aluminum Standards and Data, Aluminum Association Inc., 2013

ASM Specialty Handbook: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 1993

ISO 6361-2: Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheets, strips and plates - Part 2: Mechanical properties

EN 573-3: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Chemical composition and form of wrought products. Chemical composition and form of products