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3104 (AlMn1Mg1Cu) Aluminum

3104 aluminum is a 3000-series aluminum alloy: the main alloying addition is manganese, and it is formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 3104 is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. In European standards, it will be given as EN AW-3104. AlMn1Mg1Cu is the EN chemical designation. Additionally, the UNS number is A93104.

It originally received its standard designation in 1978.

It has the lowest electrical conductivity among the 3000-series alloys in the database.

The properties of 3104 aluminum include 16 common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare 3104 aluminum to: 3000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

70 GPa 10 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

1.1 to 20 %

Fatigue Strength

74 to 130 MPa 11 to 18 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.33

Shear Modulus

26 GPa 3.8 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

110 to 180 MPa 16 to 25 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

170 to 310 MPa 25 to 45 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

68 to 270 MPa 9.9 to 40 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

400 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

180 °C 360 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

650 °C 1200 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

600 °C 1120 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

900 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

160 W/m-K 91 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

23 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

41 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

130 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

9.5 % relative

Density

2.8 g/cm3 170 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

8.4 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

150 MJ/kg 66 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

1180 L/kg 140 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

1.6 to 60 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

34 to 540 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

50 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

17 to 31 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

25 to 37 points

Thermal Diffusivity

64 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

7.6 to 13 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought aluminum alloys, the composition of 3104 aluminum is notable for including gallium (Ga) and containing a comparatively high amount of manganese (Mn). Gallium is used to improve corrosion resistance and to modify an alloy's response to etching, brightening, and similar treatments. Manganese is used to improve strength without a proportional reduction in ductility. It also improves workability by controlling the grain structure of the alloy.

Aluminum (Al)Al 95.1 to 98.4
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.8 to 1.4
Magnesium (Mg)Mg 0.8 to 1.3
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.8
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.6
Copper (Cu)Cu 0.050 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn)Zn 0 to 0.25
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.1
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.050
Gallium (Ga)Ga 0 to 0.050
Residualsres. 0 to 0.15

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, John E. Hatch (editor), 1984

ASM Specialty Handbook: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 1993

ISO 6361-2: Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheets, strips and plates - Part 2: Mechanical properties

EN 573-3: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Chemical composition and form of wrought products. Chemical composition and form of products