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AISI 310H (S31009) Stainless Steel

AISI 310H stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 310H is the AISI designation for this material. S31009 is the UNS number.

It has a moderately high base cost among wrought austenitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately low tensile strength and a moderately high embodied energy.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AISI 310H stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

190

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 29 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

40 %

Fatigue Strength

200 MPa 29 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.27

Reduction in Area

51 %

Rockwell B Hardness

82

Shear Modulus

79 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

400 MPa 58 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

580 MPa 85 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

230 MPa 33 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

300 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

450 °C 830 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1100 °C 2010 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1410 °C 2570 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1360 °C 2480 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

15 W/m-K 8.5 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

16 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.1 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.4 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

25 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

4.3 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

61 MJ/kg 26 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

190 L/kg 23 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

25

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

190 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

130 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

21 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

20 points

Thermal Diffusivity

3.9 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

13 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of AISI 310H stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion.

Iron (Fe)Fe 49.1 to 57
Chromium (Cr)Cr 24 to 26
Nickel (Ni)Ni 19 to 22
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 2.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.75
Carbon (C)C 0.040 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.045
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A479: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels

Machining of Stainless Steels and Super Alloys: Traditional and Nontraditional Techniques, Helmi A. Youssef, 2016

ASTM A182: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service

ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels

Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002

Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011

Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994