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AISI 317L (S31703) Stainless Steel

AISI 317L stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 317L is the AISI designation for this material. S31703 is the UNS number. Additionally, the British Standard (BS) designation is 317S12.

It has a moderately low electrical conductivity and a fairly low tensile strength among wrought austenitic stainless steels.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AISI 317L stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

180

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 29 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

44 %

Fatigue Strength

220 MPa 32 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Reduction in Area

56 %

Rockwell B Hardness

81

Shear Modulus

82 GPa 12 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

380 MPa 56 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

550 MPa 80 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

250 MPa 36 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

290 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

420 °C 790 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1010 °C 1850 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1400 °C 2550 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1380 °C 2510 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

14 W/m-K 8.3 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

17 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.0 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

21 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

4.3 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

59 MJ/kg 25 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

160 L/kg 20 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

31

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

200 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

150 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

19 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

19 points

Thermal Diffusivity

3.8 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

12 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of AISI 317L stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr). Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion. Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance.

Iron (Fe)Fe 58 to 68
Chromium (Cr)Cr 18 to 20
Nickel (Ni)Ni 11 to 15
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 3.0 to 4.0
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 2.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.75
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.045
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A182: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service

ASTM A276: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes

ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005

ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels

Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002

Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984

ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010