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ASTM A514 Grade A Steel

ASTM A514 grade A is a type of ASTM A514 steel. Cited properties are appropriate for the quenched and tempered condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A514 grade A to: wrought alloy steels in the same category (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

250

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

21 %

Fatigue Strength

540 MPa 78 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

520 MPa 75 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

830 MPa 120 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

770 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

260 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

420 °C 780 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

46 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.3 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.4 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.5 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

21 MJ/kg 9.2 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

50 L/kg 6.0 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

170 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

1590 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

29 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

25 points

Thermal Diffusivity

12 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

24 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 96.6 to 97.9
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.8 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0.5 to 0.8
Silicon (Si)Si 0.4 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0.18 to 0.28
Carbon (C)C 0.15 to 0.21
Zirconium (Zr)Zr 0.050 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030
Boron (B)B 0 to 0.0025

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A514: Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for Welding

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015