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ASTM Grade 225 Grey Cast Iron

Grade 225 cast iron is grey cast iron in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare grade 225 cast iron to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

230

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

180 GPa 26 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

9.6 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

69 GPa 10 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

260 MPa 37 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

180 MPa 26 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

280 J/g

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1380 °C 2510 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1180 °C 2150 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

490 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

46 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

11 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.9 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

1.9 % relative

Density

7.5 g/cm3 470 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

21 MJ/kg 9.1 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

44 L/kg 5.2 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

22 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

88 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

9.5 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

12 points

Thermal Diffusivity

13 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

9.8 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 92.1 to 93.9
Carbon (C)C 3.1 to 3.4
Silicon (Si)Si 2.5 to 2.8
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.5 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.9
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.15

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM A48: Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings

Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976

Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons, Madeleine Durand-Charre, 2004

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015