Annealed A10 Tool Steel
Annealed SAE-AISI A10 is SAE-AISI A10 steel in the annealed condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare annealed SAE-AISI A10 to: tool steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
9.8 %
Fatigue Strength
280 MPa 41 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
72 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
480 MPa 70 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
810 MPa 120 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
470 MPa 67 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
270 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1440 °C 2620 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1400 °C 2540 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
40 W/m-K 23 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
12 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.8 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
9.0 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
5.0 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.1 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
27 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
56 L/kg 6.7 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
5.1
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
68 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
580 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
29 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
25 points
Thermal Diffusivity
11 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
27 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 90.8 to 93.4 | |
| Mn | 1.6 to 2.1 | |
| Ni | 1.6 to 2.1 | |
| Mo | 1.3 to 1.8 | |
| C | 1.3 to 1.5 | |
| Si | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| Cu | 0 to 0.25 | |
| P | 0 to 0.030 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM A681: Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy
Tool Steels, 5th ed., George Roberts et al., 1998
Tool Steels: Properties and Performance, Rafael A. Mesquita (editor), 2016
ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996