Annealed (O61) C18400 Copper
O61 C18400 copper is C18400 copper in the O61 (annealed) temper. It has the second lowest strength and highest ductility compared to the other variants of C18400 copper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare O61 C18400 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
50 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell F Hardness
59
Shear Modulus
44 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
200 MPa 29 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
280 MPa 40 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
110 MPa 16 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 390 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1080 °C 1970 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1070 °C 1960 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
390 J/kg-K 0.093 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
320 W/m-K 190 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
80 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
81 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
54 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.3 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
8.6 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
11 points
Thermal Diffusivity
94 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
9.7 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 97.2 to 99.6 | |
| Cr | 0.4 to 1.2 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.7 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.15 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.1 | |
| P | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Li | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Ca | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| As | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013