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Cold Finished 52100 Chromium Steel

Cold-finished SAE-AISI 52100 is SAE-AISI 52100 steel in the annealed and cold-drawn condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare cold-finished SAE-AISI 52100 to: SAE-AISI wrought steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

210

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

10 %

Fatigue Strength

340 MPa 50 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

72 GPa 10 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

420 MPa 61 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

700 MPa 100 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

560 MPa 81 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

430 °C 810 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1450 °C 2640 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1410 °C 2570 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

47 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.3 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.5 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.4 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

20 MJ/kg 8.5 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

51 L/kg 6.1 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

69 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

840 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

25 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

23 points

Thermal Diffusivity

13 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

21 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 96.5 to 97.3
Chromium (Cr)Cr 1.4 to 1.6
Carbon (C)C 0.93 to 1.1
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.25 to 0.45
Silicon (Si)Si 0.15 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.025
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM A295: Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel

Sintering of Advanced Materials: Fundamentals and Processes, Zhigang Zak Fang (editor), 2010

ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015