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EN 1.1106 (P355NL2) Non-Alloy Steel

EN 1.1106 steel is a carbon (non-alloy) steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized condition. 1.1106 is the EN numeric designation for this material. P355NL2 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a fairly high embodied energy among wrought carbon or non-alloy steels. In addition, it has a fairly high base cost and a moderately high electrical conductivity.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.1106 steel to: wrought carbon or non-alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

160

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

24 %

Fatigue Strength

270 MPa 39 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

88 J 65 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

350 MPa 50 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

550 MPa 79 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

370 MPa 53 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

400 °C 750 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2590 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

50 W/m-K 29 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

12 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.4 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.3 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

22 MJ/kg 9.3 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

50 L/kg 5.9 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

120 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

360 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

19 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

19 points

Thermal Diffusivity

14 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

17 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 96.2 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn)Mn 1.1 to 1.7
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.3
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.18
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0 to 0.080
Niobium (Nb)Nb 0 to 0.050
Aluminum (Al)Al 0.020 to 0.024
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.020
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.012
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.0050

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10028-3: Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 3: Weldable fine grain steels, normalized

Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015