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EN 1.4374 (X8CrMnNiN18-9-5) Stainless Steel

EN 1.4374 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4374 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X8CrMnNiN18-9-5 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately low base cost among wrought austenitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately low embodied energy and a fairly high tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4374 stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

230

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 29 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

40 %

Fatigue Strength

340 MPa 50 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

90 J 67 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

77 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

550 MPa 79 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

800 MPa 120 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

400 MPa 58 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

290 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

410 °C 780 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

920 °C 1680 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1400 °C 2550 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1360 °C 2470 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

15 W/m-K 8.6 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

17 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.9 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

14 % relative

Density

7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.9 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

42 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

150 L/kg 18 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

23

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

270 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

400 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

29 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

25 points

Thermal Diffusivity

4.0 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

17 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4374 stainless steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of manganese (Mn). Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.

Iron (Fe)Fe 63.5 to 67.9
Chromium (Cr)Cr 17.5 to 18.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 9.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni)Ni 5.0 to 6.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0.3 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N)N 0.25 to 0.32
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.4
Carbon (C)C 0.050 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.035
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

Machining of Stainless Steels and Super Alloys: Traditional and Nontraditional Techniques, Helmi A. Youssef, 2016

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012

Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002

Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010