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EN 1.7034 (37Cr4) Chromium Steel

EN 1.7034 steel is an alloy steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1.7034 is the EN numeric designation for this material. 37Cr4 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately low embodied energy among EN wrought alloy steels. In addition, it has a moderately low electrical conductivity and a moderately low base cost.

The properties of EN 1.7034 steel include three common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare EN 1.7034 steel to: EN wrought alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

150 to 250

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

510 to 1780 MPa 74 to 260 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

420 °C 790 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

45 W/m-K 26 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.2 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.2 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.4 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

19 MJ/kg 8.3 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

50 L/kg 6.0 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

18 to 63 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

18 to 42 points

Thermal Diffusivity

12 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

15 to 52 points

Alloy Composition

Among alloy steels, the composition of EN 1.7034 steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of chromium (Cr). Chromium is used to improve corrosion resistance and most mechanical properties (particularly at higher temperatures).

Iron (Fe)Fe 97 to 98.2
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0.9 to 1.2
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.6 to 0.9
Carbon (C)C 0.34 to 0.41
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.035
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.035

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10250-3: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 3: Alloy special steels

EN 10263-4: Steel rod, bars and wire for cold heading and cold extrusion - Part 4: Technical delivery conditions for steels for quenching and tempering

ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015