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Full-Hard (H04) C12000 Copper

H04 C12000 copper is C12000 copper in the H04 (full hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C12000 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

120 GPa 17 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

13 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.34

Rockwell F Hardness

90

Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness

58

Shear Modulus

43 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

200 MPa 29 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

330 MPa 47 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

300 MPa 44 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

210 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

200 °C 390 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1080 °C 1980 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1080 °C 1980 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

390 W/m-K 220 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

17 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

98 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

98 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

31 % relative

Density

9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

310 L/kg 37 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

43 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

390 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

7.2 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

18 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

10 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

12 points

Thermal Diffusivity

110 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

12 points

Alloy Composition

Copper (Cu)Cu 99.9 to 99.996
Phosphorus (P)P 0.0040 to 0.012

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM B152: Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar

Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013

Copper: Its Trade, Manufacture, Use, and Environmental Status, Gunter Joseph, 2001

ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001