Half-Hard (H02) C31600 Bronze
H02 C31600 bronze is C31600 bronze in the H02 (half hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H02 C31600 bronze to: wrought bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
42 GPa 6.1 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
210 MPa 30 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
350 MPa 51 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
210 MPa 31 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
200 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
180 °C 360 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1040 °C 1900 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1010 °C 1850 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
380 J/kg-K 0.091 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
140 W/m-K 81 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
32 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
33 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
29 % relative
Density
8.8 g/cm3 550 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
43 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
33 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
200 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.1 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
11 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
13 points
Thermal Diffusivity
42 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
12 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 87.5 to 90.5 | |
| Zn | 5.2 to 10.5 | |
| Pb | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| Ni | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| P | 0.040 to 0.1 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.4 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B140: Standard Specification for Copper-Zinc-Lead (Red Brass or Hardware Bronze) Rod, Bar, and Shapes
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015