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Hardened P5 Tool Steel

Hardened SAE-AISI P5 is SAE-AISI P5 steel in the hardened (H) condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare hardened SAE-AISI P5 to: tool steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Rockwell C Hardness

61

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

1980 MPa 290 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2590 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

45 W/m-K 26 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

12 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.5 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.8 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

20 MJ/kg 8.6 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

56 L/kg 6.6 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

2.3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

70 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

45 points

Thermal Diffusivity

12 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

65 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 95.7 to 97.8
Chromium (Cr)Cr 2.0 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.2 to 0.6
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.35
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.25
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

ASTM A681: Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy

Tool Steels, 5th ed., George Roberts et al., 1998

Tool Steels: Properties and Performance, Rafael A. Mesquita (editor), 2016

ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996