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Quenched and Tempered 4340 Ni-Cr-Mo Steel

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Quenched and tempered SAE-AISI 4340 is a type of SAE-AISI 4340 steel. It is furnished in the quenched and tempered condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare quenched and tempered SAE-AISI 4340 to: wrought alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). The length of each bar shows the given value as a % of the largest value in the relevant set.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

350

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

14 %

Fatigue Strength

740 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

730 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

1210 MPa 180 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

1150 MPa 170 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2650 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

3.6 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.7 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

22 MJ/kg 9.5 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

53 L/kg 6.4 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

170 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

3490 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

43 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

32 points

Thermal Shock Resistance

36 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe) 95.1 to 96.3
Nickel (Ni) 1.7 to 2.0
Chromium (Cr) 0.7 to 0.9
Manganese (Mn) 0.6 to 0.8
Carbon (C) 0.38 to 0.43
Silicon (Si) 0.15 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.2 to 0.3
Sulfur (S) 0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P) 0 to 0.035

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

How are the material properties defined?How do I compare this exact variant to another material?

Further Reading

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015