SAE-AISI 1065 (G10650) Carbon Steel
SAE-AISI 1065 steel is a carbon (non-alloy) steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1065 is the designation in both the SAE and AISI systems for this material. G10650 is the UNS number.
It has a fairly high electrical conductivity among wrought carbon or non-alloy steels. In addition, it can have a moderately low ductility and a fairly high tensile strength.
The properties of SAE-AISI 1065 steel include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare SAE-AISI 1065 steel to: wrought carbon or non-alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
210 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 to 14 %
Fatigue Strength
270 to 340 MPa 40 to 50 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Reduction in Area
34 to 51 %
Shear Modulus
72 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
430 to 470 MPa 62 to 68 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
710 to 780 MPa 100 to 110 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
430 to 550 MPa 62 to 80 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
400 °C 750 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1420 °C 2580 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
51 W/m-K 29 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
11 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
12 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.8 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
19 MJ/kg 8.0 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
46 L/kg 5.5 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
74 to 90 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
490 to 820 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
25 to 28 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
23 to 24 points
Thermal Diffusivity
14 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
25 to 27 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 98.3 to 98.8 | |
| Mn | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| C | 0.6 to 0.7 | |
| S | 0 to 0.050 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Cold-Formed Steel Structures to the AISI Specification, Gregory J. Hancock et al., 2001
ASTM A29: Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007
ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015