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SAE-AISI 4621 (G46210) Nickel Steel

SAE-AISI 4621 steel is an alloy steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 4621 is the designation in both the SAE and AISI systems for this material. G46210 is the UNS number.

It has a moderately high ductility and a moderately high base cost among SAE-AISI wrought steels.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare SAE-AISI 4621 steel to: SAE-AISI wrought steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

150

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

27 %

Fatigue Strength

270 MPa 39 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

320 MPa 47 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

500 MPa 73 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

360 MPa 52 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

410 °C 770 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2590 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

46 W/m-K 26 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.4 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

3.3 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

22 MJ/kg 9.3 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

50 L/kg 6.0 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

120 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

340 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

18 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

18 points

Thermal Diffusivity

12 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

15 points

Alloy Composition

Among alloy steels, the composition of SAE-AISI 4621 steel is notable for including nickel (Ni). Nickel is used to improve mechanical properties, and to make the alloy easier to heat treat.

Iron (Fe)Fe 96.1 to 97.1
Nickel (Ni)Ni 1.7 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.7 to 0.9
Silicon (Si)Si 0.15 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0.2 to 0.3
Carbon (C)C 0.18 to 0.23
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.035

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A752: Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Alloy Steel

ASTM A322: Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015