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SAE-ASTM Grade G3500b (F10010) Grey Cast Iron

Grade G3500b cast iron is a type of automotive grey cast iron. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. F10010 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the ASTM designation is ASTM A159 grade G3500b. And the SAE designation is SAE J431 grade G3500b.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare grade G3500b cast iron to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

230

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

180 GPa 26 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

9.6 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

70 GPa 10 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

260 MPa 37 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

180 MPa 26 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

260 J/g

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1390 °C 2540 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1350 °C 2470 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

490 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

41 W/m-K 24 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

14 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.4 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.8 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

1.9 % relative

Density

7.6 g/cm3 470 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

21 MJ/kg 8.9 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

44 L/kg 5.3 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

22 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

88 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

9.5 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

12 points

Thermal Diffusivity

11 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

7.5 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 93.2 to 94.7
Carbon (C)C 3.4 to 3.7
Silicon (Si)Si 1.3 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.15
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.12

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A159: Standard Specification for Automotive Gray Iron Castings

SAE J431: Automotive Gray Iron Castings

Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008