UNS C92500 Nickel-Phosphorus Gear Bronze
C92500 bronze is a bronze formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. C92500 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the common industry name is 87-11-1-0-1.
It has a fairly high embodied energy among cast bronzes. In addition, it has a moderately high base cost and a moderately low ductility.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare C92500 bronze to: cast bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
310 MPa 45 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
190 MPa 27 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
190 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
170 °C 330 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
980 °C 1800 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
870 °C 1600 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
370 J/kg-K 0.088 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
63 W/m-K 36 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
12 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
12 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
35 % relative
Density
8.7 g/cm3 540 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
61 MJ/kg 26 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
390 L/kg 47 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
30 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
170 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
6.8 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
9.8 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
12 points
Thermal Diffusivity
20 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
12 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast copper alloys, the composition of C92500 bronze is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of tin (Sn) and lead (Pb). Tin is used to improve strength, bearing properties, and corrosion resistance against certain types of media. It also places certain constraints on cast part design, so as to avoid porosity problems. Lead is used to improve machinability and bearing properties, at the cost of toxicity. It also adds pressure tightness to castings.
| Cu | 85 to 88 | |
| Sn | 10 to 12 | |
| Pb | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| Ni | 0.8 to 1.5 | |
| P | 0 to 1.5 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.3 | |
| Sb | 0 to 0.25 | |
| S | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| Al | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.7 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B505: Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Castings
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015