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1050 Aluminum vs. S45503 Stainless Steel

1050 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S45503 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 1050 aluminum and the bottom bar is S45503 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.6 to 37
4.6 to 6.8
Fatigue Strength, MPa 31 to 57
710 to 800
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Shear Strength, MPa 52 to 81
940 to 1070
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 76 to 140
1610 to 1850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 25 to 120
1430 to 1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
760
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 650
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1200
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 5.4 to 22
82 to 110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 7.8 to 14
57 to 65
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 22
39 to 43
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 3.4 to 6.2
56 to 64

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 99.5 to 100
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 12.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
1.5 to 2.5
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
72.4 to 78.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
7.5 to 9.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.1 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.030
1.0 to 1.4
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.050
0