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1050 (A91050) Aluminum

1050 aluminum is a 1000-series aluminum alloy: it is considered commercially pure, and is formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1050 is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. In European standards, it will be given as EN AW-1050. A91050 is the UNS number. Additionally, the EN chemical designation is Al99,5.

It originally received its standard designation in 1954.

The properties of 1050 aluminum include nine common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare 1050 aluminum to: 1000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

68 GPa 9.9 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

4.6 to 37 %

Fatigue Strength

31 to 57 MPa 4.5 to 8.3 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.33

Shear Modulus

26 GPa 3.7 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

52 to 81 MPa 7.5 to 12 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

76 to 140 MPa 11 to 20 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

25 to 120 MPa 3.7 to 18 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

400 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

170 °C 340 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

640 °C 1190 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

650 °C 1190 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

900 J/kg-K 0.22 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

230 W/m-K 130 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

24 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

61 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

200 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

9.5 % relative

Calomel Potential

-750 mV

Density

2.7 g/cm3 170 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

8.3 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

160 MJ/kg 67 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

1200 L/kg 140 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

5.4 to 22 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

4.6 to 110 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

50 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

7.8 to 14 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

15 to 22 points

Thermal Diffusivity

94 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

3.4 to 6.2 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought aluminum alloys, the composition of 1050 aluminum is notable for including vanadium (V). Vanadium is used to reduce grain size and increase recrystallization temperature.

Aluminum (Al)Al 99.5 to 100
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.4
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn)Zn 0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.050
Magnesium (Mg)Mg 0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM B491: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Round Tubes for General-Purpose Applications

Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, John E. Hatch (editor), 1984

Aluminum Standards and Data, Aluminum Association Inc., 2013

ISO 6361-2: Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheets, strips and plates - Part 2: Mechanical properties

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015