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2014 Aluminum vs. EN 1.8516 Steel

2014 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.8516 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2014 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.8516 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.5 to 16
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 90 to 160
570
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
74
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 290
660
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 500
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 440
910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
470
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
3.7
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
61

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.6 to 56
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 76 to 1330
2190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 46
39
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 46
30
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.4 to 22
32

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.4 to 95
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.27
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
3.0 to 3.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
94.6 to 96.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.4 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.5 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.035
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0