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2014 Aluminum vs. S41050 Stainless Steel

2014 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S41050 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2014 aluminum and the bottom bar is S41050 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.5 to 16
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 90 to 160
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 290
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 500
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 440
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
720
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
7.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
97

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.6 to 56
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 76 to 1330
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 46
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 46
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.4 to 22
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.4 to 95
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
10.5 to 12.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
84.2 to 88.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.6 to 1.1
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0