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224.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D2 Steel

224.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D2 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 224.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 10
5.0 to 16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 86 to 120
310 to 860
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 380 to 420
760 to 2000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 330
470 to 1510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
4.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 95
5.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
8.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 16 to 35
92 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 540 to 770
570 to 5940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 35 to 38
27 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 41
24 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 47
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
25 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.4 to 1.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 4.5 to 5.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.1
81.3 to 86.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.35
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 1.1
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.1 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0