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3005 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1023 Steel

3005 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1023 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3005 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1023 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 33 to 73
130 to 140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 16
17 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 53 to 100
180 to 270
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 84 to 150
280 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 270
430 to 480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 51 to 240
240 to 410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
6.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.2 to 18
77 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 18 to 390
150 to 450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 27
15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 33
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.0 to 12
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.7 to 98.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
99.06 to 99.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0