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3104 Aluminum vs. ASTM A732 Cast Steel

3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A732 cast steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3104 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A732 cast steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
4.0 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 130
230 to 750
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
72 to 73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
460 to 1470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
310 to 1340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250 to 260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400 to 430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1440 to 1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1400 to 1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470 to 480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
39 to 50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.1 to 7.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.2 to 8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.0 to 3.8
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
1.4 to 1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19 to 24
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
47 to 54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 60
45 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 34 to 540
260 to 4770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 31
16 to 52
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
17 to 37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
14 to 43