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5051A Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CF8M Steel

5051A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CF8M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5051A aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CF8M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
200
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
50
Fatigue Strength, MPa 51 to 61
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 56
290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 39
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
19
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
3.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 27
230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 23
210
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 18
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 63
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.1 to 98.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.45
60.3 to 71
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.4 to 2.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 12
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0