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5070 Aluminum vs. ASTM A387 Grade 22 Steel

5070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 22 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5070 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 22 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
160 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
74
Shear Strength, MPa 190
300 to 380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 300
480 to 600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
460
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 31
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
3.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.8
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
58

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 51
85 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150
140 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31
17 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
17 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
14 to 17

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 92.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
2.0 to 2.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
95.1 to 96.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0