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8079 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 5140 Steel

8079 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 5140 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 8079 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.2
12 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 56
220 to 570
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 150
560 to 970
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 120
290 to 840

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 230
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 58
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 190
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.1
76 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110
220 to 1880
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
20 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19 to 28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 92
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.4
16 to 29

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 98.1 to 99.3
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0.7 to 1.3
97.3 to 98.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.050 to 0.3
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0