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8090 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade C Steel

8090 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade C steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 8090 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.5 to 13
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 91 to 140
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340 to 490
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 210 to 420
430

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 960
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 95 to 160
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 66
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 170
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 16 to 41
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 340 to 1330
500
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 34 to 49
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 39 to 50
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 36 to 60
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 22
22

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 98.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 1.0 to 1.6
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
97.5 to 99.85
Lithium (Li), % 2.2 to 2.7
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.6 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.040 to 0.16
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0