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AISI 304Cu Stainless Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 304Cu stainless steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304Cu stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
230 to 320
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 45
13 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
230 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
76
Shear Strength, MPa 370
340 to 480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530
510 to 800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 210
290 to 600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
270
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 420
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 930
680
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 13
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.8
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
98 to 140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110
220 to 940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
18 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
18 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.5
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
19 to 30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
12 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 4.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 63.9 to 72
83.2 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0.15 to 0.35