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AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 309 stainless steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 76% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
230 to 320
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 47
13 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
230 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
76
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 470
340 to 480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 710
510 to 800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
290 to 600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
270
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 440
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
680
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 23
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
98 to 140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 310
220 to 940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
18 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
18 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
19 to 30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 58 to 66
83.2 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0.15 to 0.35