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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
310
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 480
460
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
58.4 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
4.0 to 7.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0