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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1090 Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1090 steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
220 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
320 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
72
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
470 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
790 to 950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
520 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
82 to 91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
730 to 1000
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
28 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
25 to 31

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.85 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0

Comparable Variants