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AISI 403 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both AISI 403 stainless steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 403 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190 to 240
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 16 to 25
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200 to 340
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 47 to 50
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530 to 780
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 570
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 740
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 28
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 99
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 28
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.6
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 29
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 11.5 to 13
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 84.7 to 88.5
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3