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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A228 Music Wire

Both AISI 416 stainless steel and ASTM A228 music wire are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A228 music wire.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230 to 320
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 340
1280
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
72
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
1470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
2450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
2050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
87
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
52
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
79

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.7 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
98 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.2 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.1 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.030