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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. AZ91D Magnesium

AISI 416 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91D magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AZ91D magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230 to 320
60 to 80
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
46
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
2.3 to 4.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 340
74 to 85
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
18
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
120 to 140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
160 to 220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
80 to 130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
78
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
27

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
58

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.7
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
990

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
4.2 to 7.7
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
69 to 170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
26 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
38 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
45
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
9.5 to 13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
8.3 to 9.7
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.030
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
0 to 0.0050
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
88.7 to 91.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.15 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.0020
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.35 to 1.0