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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. C12900 Copper

AISI 416 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C12900 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is C12900 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
2.8 to 50
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
43
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
150 to 210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
220 to 420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
75 to 380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1030
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
380
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
98
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
98

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
32
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
330

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
11 to 88
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
24 to 640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
6.8 to 13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
9.1 to 14
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
7.8 to 15

Alloy Composition

Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.012
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.88 to 100
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.0040
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0 to 0.054
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Tellurium (Te), % 0
0 to 0.025