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ASTM A182 Grade F1 vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both ASTM A182 grade F1 and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F1 and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 34
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.28
0 to 0.55
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 98.8
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.44 to 0.65
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.050