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ASTM A182 Grade F23 vs. ASTM A182 Grade F24

Both ASTM A182 grade F23 and ASTM A182 grade F24 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the normalized and tempered condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F23 and the bottom bar is ASTM A182 grade F24.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46
45
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
74
Shear Strength, MPa 360
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 450
460
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1500
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
4.0
Density, g/cm3 8.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.5
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 36
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 59
61

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 5.7
6.7
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 550
570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Boron (B), % 0.0010 to 0.0060
0.0015 to 0.0070
Carbon (C), % 0.040 to 0.1
0.050 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 1.9 to 2.6
2.2 to 2.6
Iron (Fe), % 93.2 to 96.2
94.5 to 96.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.6
0.3 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.050 to 0.3
0.9 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.020 to 0.080
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.12
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0.0050 to 0.060
0.060 to 0.1
Tungsten (W), % 1.5 to 1.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.2 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.3